Current evidence, clinical applications, and future directions of transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for ischemic stroke

Zhou, L.; Jin, Y.; Wu, D.; Cun, Y.; Zhang, C.; Peng, Y.; Chen, N.; Yang, X.; Zhang, S.; Ning, R.; Kuang, P.; Wang, Z.; Zhang, P.

Abstract:

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain neurostimulation technique that can be used as one of the adjunctive treatment techniques for neurological recovery after stroke. Animal studies have shown that TMS treatment of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model reduced cerebral infarct volume and improved neurological dysfunction in model rats. In addition, clinical case reports have also shown that TMS treatment has positive neuroprotective effects in stroke patients, improving a variety of post-stroke neurological deficits such as motor function, swallowing, cognitive function, speech function, central post-stroke pain, spasticity, and other post-stroke sequelae. However, even though numerous studies have shown a neuroprotective effect of TMS in stroke patients, its possible neuroprotective mechanism is not clear. Therefore, in this review, we describe the potential mechanisms of TMS to improve neurological function in terms of neurogenesis, angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and anti-apoptosis, and provide insight into the current clinical application of TMS in multiple neurological dysfunctions in stroke. Finally, some of the current challenges faced by TMS are summarized and some suggestions for its future research directions are made.

Patologie/Applicazioni:

• Riabilitazione cognitiva
• Stimolazione Magnetica Transcranica (TMS)
• Riabilitazione motoria
• Stroke

Anno:

2023

Tipo di pubblicazione:

Articolo

Parola chiave:

stroke; ictus; TMS; stimolazione magnetica transcranica; riabilitazione cognitiva; Riabilitazione del linguaggio

Testata scientifica:

Frontiers

Mese:

07

Nota:

Questo articolo mette in evidenza un ampio corpus di evidenze cliniche a sostegno del valore della TMS nel miglioramento dei deficit neurologici post-ictus (attività motoria degli arti - superiori e inferiori - disturbi cognitivi della deglutizione, del linguaggio e dell'umore - spasticità, dolore neuropatico post-ictus). In particolare, vengono descritti i potenziali meccanismi della TMS per migliorare la funzione neurologica in termini di neurogenesi, angiogenesi, antinfiammatorio, antiossidante e anti-apoptosi, e vengono fornite informazioni sull'attuale applicazione clinica della TMS in molteplici disfunzioni neurologiche legate all'ictus.

DOI:

10.3389/fnins.2023.1177283